At present, water glass is still the most widely used effective inhibitor of tungsten flotation, and its research on the mechanism of action is more and more extensive and deep.
Zhang Xu] found that the amount and modulus of water glass is an important factor in the flotation of scheelite . The increase of the amount of water glass is conducive to the increase of tungsten grade in concentrate, and the optimal modulus of water glass should be controlled. 2.4-2.5. Jin Tingting [9] studied the effects of different types of sodium silicate on flotation recovery of scheelite. In the system of sodium oleate and 731 cooperative collectors , the amount of water glass is the main factor affecting the grade, recovery and beneficiation efficiency of quartz , fluorite and calcium carbonate scheelite ore, followed by water glass. Modulus, and low modulus water glass is beneficial to the flotation of quartz-type scheelite; medium-high modulus water glass is beneficial to the flotation of fluorite-type scheelite; for calcium carbonate-type scheelite, the modulus of water glass Has little effect.
Zhang Ying studied the interaction between the ideal structure of scheelite, fluorite and calcite and water glass. The study pointed out that after the action of water glass and scheelite, fluorite and calcite, adsorption occurred on the surface of scheelite, fluorite and calcite, but the amount of adsorption was different. After the action with water glass, the chemical shift of scheelite was basically No change, and chemical shifts occurred in both fluorite and calcite.
Cao Xuefeng and other researches pointed out that with the increase of water glass concentration, the effect of water glass on the flotation of scheelite is changed from activation to inhibition; the order of inhibition of three kinds of calcium-containing minerals such as fluorite, scheelite and calcite is: Stone > calcite > scheelite, so when using water glass as an inhibitor, priority is given to inhibiting fluorite, and then calcite is suppressed to obtain a scheelite concentrate.
Sun Wei studied the effect of water glass in the process of flotation separation of scheelite fluorite by sodium oleate as collector. When the concentration is lower than the precipitation point of calcium silicate precipitation, its change in pH can increase the floatability of the mineral, thereby promoting the effect; when the concentration is higher than the precipitation point of calcium silicate precipitation, sodium silicate promotes the mineral surface The formation of the precipitate will reduce the floatability of the mineral and thus inhibit it.
The combination of water glass and metal ions not only enhances the water glass's ability to suppress, but also reduces the amount of water glass. The main component of the solution of the calculus in the solution is Si(OH)4 in the aqueous solution, while the main component which inhibits the fluorite and scheelite is SiO(OH)3-ion, and the performance of the metal ion on the water glass The influence mainly changes the content of effective components in the aqueous solution, and adsorbs on the surface of the scheelite to change the surface potential and increase the adsorption of the scheelite on the anion collector.
Wang Chengxing pointed out that modified water glass is more effective than ordinary water glass in suppressing the selection of calcium-containing gangue minerals such as quartz and calcite, fluorite, etc., and can effectively disperse the slime and avoid mineral mud cap minerals. Surface to improve flotation. Liu Xu's research found that the selective inhibition of ordinary water glass after acidification by sulfuric acid is enhanced, but its effect on the floatability of fine-grain calcite is weak. When oxalic acid and water glass are mixed, the fine granules and calcite exhibit strong inhibitory effects in neutral and weakly alkaline environments, while the fine-grained scheelite is less inhibited. When water glass is used as an inhibitor, its main component is active colloidal colloid, and acidic conditions can promote the ionization formation of active colloidal [nSi02] in solution.
In addition to sodium silicate, tungsten flotation recent years have been reported many studies on the mechanism of other inorganic and organic inhibitors such as phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose, oxalic acid, citric acid, lime, tannin, starch Etc., increasing the selectivity of inhibitors in different types of tungsten ore flotation.
Feng Qiming et al. found that the inhibition effect of sodium hexametaphosphate on calcite was better when studying the inhibitory effect of sodium hexametaphosphate. The adsorption amount and infrared spectrum measurement showed that the inhibition of sodium hexametaphosphate was not stagnant in calcite. Surface; Ca2+ ion dissolution test on calcite surface indicates that sodium hexametaphosphate can dissolve calcium ions on the surface of calcite, thereby removing the active point on the surface of calcite, so that the collector has been attached to the surface of the calcite or the unattached collector It is difficult to adhere, so the floatability of calcite is lowered and thus suppressed.
The influence of the ocean and the adjustment mechanism of selective agent in the separation of citric wolframite and scheelite calcium and other minerals; citric acid was added to the wolframite floatability little effect, so that it can float slightly velocity There is a decrease, while the floatability and floating speed of scheelite and fluorite decrease with the increase of citric acid dosage; under proper flotation conditions, citric acid can not only expand the floatability between wolframite and other minerals. The difference, and can expand the difference between its floating speed; the selective inhibition of citric acid on the mineral is: citric acid adsorption on the surface of the wolframite is not strong, it is difficult to hinder the adsorption of benzoic acid on its surface; citric acid It can selectively complex the Ca2+ ions on the surface of scheelite and other calcium-containing minerals, resulting in the reduction of active particles on the surface of minerals and collectors, which inhibits mineral floating. In the scheelite flotation test, it was found that carboxymethylcellulose selectively inhibits other calcium-containing minerals without inhibiting scheelite at a pH of 8-9.
The lime method is an effective way to achieve the separation of low-grade scheelite and calcium-containing gangue minerals at room temperature. The lime method is used to float white tungsten at room temperature, and the calcium-containing gangue minerals such as fluorite and calcite are strongly selectively inhibited in the coarse selection section and the selected section, thereby realizing scheelite and fluorite, calcite and other calcium-containing gangue. Effective separation of minerals. Liu Hongwei treated the low-grade scheelite ore of the Shizhuyuan, the grade of WO3 was 0.39%, and it was separated by lime method at room temperature. After the crude closed-circuit test, the white tungsten coarse concentrate with the WO3 grade of 3.53% and the recovery rate of 77.01% was obtained. . In the selected open circuit test, by adding acidified water glass, a good index of the final flotation concentrate WO3 grade was 42.12% and the recovery rate was 46.26%.
Liu Xu research found that the inhibitory ability of high molecular organic inhibitors is significantly stronger than that of low molecular organic inhibitors; the inhibitory ability of organic inhibitors is related to the ratio of polar groups in the structure. The greater the proportion of polar groups, the stronger the inhibition ability. Phosphate has a strong inhibitory effect on three kinds of fine-grain minerals, but there is no obvious selective inhibition.
When sodium oleate and 731 are used as collectors, the order of selective inhibition of scheelite, fluorite and calcite by organic inhibitors is: sodium polyacrylate (PA-Na) > citric acid > tannin > starch. When pH=8.7～9.3, the order of inhibition of three minerals by large molecular weight sodium polyacrylate (PA-Na-2) is: fluorite > calcite > scheelite. When PA-Na-2 is used in combination with sodium silicate, when the PA-Na-2 content is more than 60%, the recovery of scheelite is greater than that of fluorite and calcite. When the stirring intensity is 1200 rpm, the stirring time has little effect on the effect of PA-Na-2 on the mineral surface.
In the water system, the absolute value of the adsorption energy of sodium polyacrylate to the three minerals is scheelite>calcite>fluorite, indicating that the adsorption of sodium polyacrylate on the surface of three minerals inhibits them and the inhibition is strong. The weak order is fluorite > calcite > scheelite. In the pure mineral flotation test, when the pH value is weakly alkaline, the inhibition effect of sodium polyacrylate on fluorite and calcite is stronger than that of scheelite. Under natural pH conditions, the inhibition ability of sodium polyacrylate on three minerals The order of strength and weakness is fluorite > calcite > scheelite. This shows that sodium polyacrylate is possible to achieve flotation separation of scheelite with fluorite and calcite.
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