It’s hard to go to the big country of agricultural machinery.

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] China's agriculture can only be in an invincible position in international competition if it accelerates the modernization process. In order to realize agricultural modernization, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of agricultural mechanization, improve the comprehensive level of mechanization, thereby increase labor productivity, reduce production costs, improve product quality, and make China's agricultural products competitive in the international market.

It’s hard to go to the big country of agricultural machinery.

Agricultural machinery and equipment is an important support for agricultural development, and it is also one of the top ten areas of “Made in China 2025”. A few days ago, the NLD Central Committee was commissioned by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to promote the development of a strong country strategy and agricultural modernization development, and went to Jiangsu and Shandong to carry out key research and research on the theme of “reform and innovation, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of China's agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing”. Zhang Baowen, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and chairman of the NLD Central Committee, visited the agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises and professional cooperatives in Nanjing, Suzhou, Changzhou and Danyang in Jiangsu Province to learn more about the development of the enterprise. Chen Xiaoguang, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and executive vice chairman of the NLD Central Committee, led a research team to investigate in Rizhao and Weifang, Shandong.

Agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing innovation bottlenecks need to break through

In recent years, China's agricultural mechanization industry has developed rapidly, and has become the world's largest producer of agricultural machinery and equipment, the output of tractors, combine harvesters, plant protection machinery, and agricultural water pumps. Accelerating the upgrading of agricultural machinery and equipment has become an important starting point for promoting the reform of the supply side of the manufacturing industry and revitalizing the real economy.

As a major economic province, Jiangsu's agricultural GDP ratio is not high, and the per capita cultivated land is only 0.86 mu, which is less than 60% of the national level. However, its mechanization development level is the nation's leading, with rice transplanting rate exceeding 75%. Zhang Baowen said that Jiangsu was awarded the Agricultural Mechanization Whole Promotion Demonstration Province by the Ministry of Agriculture, and it did show the overall high level. Whether it is the comprehensive mechanization of major food crops, or the production of agricultural machinery and equipment and the promotion and application of agricultural machinery, it is in the forefront of the country. He also pointed out that in 2025, the mechanization rate of crop cultivation in the country should be increased from 63% to 75%, and the market for agricultural machinery and equipment industry will be broad in the future.

In this research, Zhang Baowen visited six companies including Jiangsu Changfa, Ward and Jiufu, and left a deep impression on the continuous optimization of Jiangsu agricultural machinery and equipment and the continuous improvement of manufacturing level. “Is the engine built by you? Is the gearbox made by you?” Zhang Baowen asked each of the two companies during the investigation in Jiangsu. These two major components are important parts for agricultural machinery and equipment. They must have strong technological innovation capabilities and a complete set of agricultural machinery talents to be able to independently develop and manufacture.

When Zhang Baowen investigated the Jiangsu Changfa Agricultural Equipment Co., Ltd., he left these two problems as soon as he walked into the workshop. Huang Guirong, the general manager of the company, confidently responded, “all of them are self-developed.” Zhang Baowen stood in front of the large tractor and said three “good” one after another. He said with a thumbs up, “Your research and development ability is quite strong!” In the company's complete machine products, including the engine, more than 90% of the parts are manufactured by the company itself.

The ability of scientific and technological innovation is the driving force for the development of Jiangsu agricultural machinery industry. Taking Changzhou as an example, the diesel engine manufacturing capacity has been at the leading level in China, and the sales of single-cylinder diesel engines have occupied the first place in China for a long time. Changzhou has produced a batch of agricultural machinery and parts parts nationwide "single", which not only meets the supporting needs of local OEMs, but also provides support for host enterprises across the country. Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", Jiangsu's agricultural machinery industry has established more than 30 provincial-level technology innovation centers and engineering technology centers. The engineering and technology centers of Changfa Group, Changchai Group and Changzhou Dongfeng Agricultural Machinery have also been identified as engineering technology centers. .

Although the production and sales income of agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing industry in Jiangsu Province has jumped to the threshold of 100 billion yuan, it still faces a large number of low-end and mid-end products. The agricultural equipment with environmental protection intelligence still relies on foreign-funded enterprises or foreign imports. Zhang Baowen pointed out that domestic agricultural machinery equipment has room for improvement in product supply, independent research and development of key components, and product reliability. Zhang Baowen cited the new energy-saving and environmentally-friendly agricultural engines, agricultural machinery-specific sensors, continuously variable transmissions, and large-scale tractors. The intelligent operation electric control unit cannot be produced independently. These have also become the bottlenecks for the innovation of agricultural machinery and equipment. Taking the gearbox technology as an example, domestic manufacturers are still in the stage of synchronous shifting, and international advanced enterprises have been able to achieve stepless speed change, which still has a gap.

Faced with these shortcomings, the application of IoT technology will bring opportunities to the agricultural machinery and equipment industry. At present, the Internet of Things industry is an industry with comparative advantages in Jiangsu. In particular, the southern part of Jiangsu is becoming an area of ​​innovation in the Internet of Things. A number of Internet of Things enterprises with a level are emerging in Jiangsu, which has become a transformation and upgrading of Jiangsu as a manufacturing province. power. Zhang Baowen believes that the application of Internet of Things technology in the field of agricultural machinery and equipment has broad prospects and is worthy of attention. He said that the current agricultural machinery products show the trend of intelligence, chemicalization, standardization, large-scale, chemical, energy-saving, etc. The Internet of Things sensor technology has been widely used abroad, and domestic agricultural machinery enterprises should keep up with the trend.

Agricultural machinery talents are weak and become a worry

The development and innovation of agricultural machinery and equipment industry is the source of power, and the support depends on comprehensive factors such as capital, talents and market. In terms of the support system, Jiangsu's financial security is relatively sufficient, while the talent team is in a state of lack of success.

At the symposium, the relevant person in charge of the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Finance introduced that in 2016, the provincial financial arrangement allocated 900 million yuan of special funds for provincial-level strategic emerging industries, and 1.97 billion yuan for the transformation and upgrading of industrial and information industries, supporting the transformation and upgrading of advanced equipment manufacturing. . At the same time, from 2016 to 2020, Jiangsu piloted equipment technology transformation to give a certain percentage of incentives according to equipment investment and new tax contribution, and guided agricultural machinery enterprises to accelerate technological transformation and reduce investment costs. Provincial finance is also seriously implementing the subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery. In recent years, Jiangsu Province has arranged annual subsidies of about 1.5 billion yuan for agricultural machinery purchases at the provincial level, including 200 million yuan for provincial-level financial arrangements and more than 70,000 farmers.

In terms of the talent team, the relevant leaders of Nanjing Agricultural University and Jiangsu University bluntly stated at the symposium that the agricultural machinery discipline was seriously weakened and the talent training gap was large. According to reports, due to discipline adjustment, more than a dozen disciplines such as agricultural machinery design, agricultural machinery products and agricultural machinery manufacturing in agricultural equipment have been dispersed and regulated to a higher level of disciplines, which has weakened the connotation of agricultural equipment science and caused professional shrinkage. The consequences of reduced student resources and lost teachers. Experts bluntly said that in Nanjing, employers could not find suitable agricultural machinery professionals, and agricultural machinery graduates could not find a suitable enterprise. According to the “Manufacturing Talent Development Planning Guide”, the demand for talents is predicted. In 2020, the talent gap of the agricultural machinery and equipment industry will reach 169,000.

For these suggestions, the research team said that it will analyze and research, sort out the research, form research reports and policy recommendations, report to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, provide reference for the party and government decision-making, realize the development and innovation of the agricultural machinery industry, and realize the country from the agricultural machinery country. The transformation of agricultural powers.

Agricultural machinery development needs institutional reform

In Shandong, the NLD Central Research Group visited Shandong Wuzheng Group, Lovol Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Weifang Guhe Transmission Technology Co., Ltd. and Weifang Fuyuan Supercharger Co., Ltd. and other agricultural machinery production enterprises, and held a symposium. Through on-the-spot investigations, I saw a series of achievements of Shandong as a major agricultural province and a large province of agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing, and also found some problems that restrict the development of the agricultural machinery industry. Chen Xiaoguang pointed out that the development of agricultural machinery and equipment industry is deeply restricted by the objective conditions of rural market, farmers' purchasing power and crop production requirements, and it cannot fully meet the needs of China's modern agricultural construction. At present, there are widespread problems such as the lack of core technology of agricultural machinery, insufficient investment in public R&D platforms, and insufficient protection of intellectual property rights, especially the impact of agricultural machinery subsidies and subsidies, new product identification procedures and appraisal cycles on industrial innovation and upgrading. Larger, it needs to be reformed and improved at the institutional level.

Chen Xiaoguang emphasized that to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of agricultural machinery and equipment manufacturing, it is necessary to remove institutional and institutional obstacles, give full play to the role of the market, and enhance the resource allocation efficiency and innovation capability of the entire industry. First, strengthen the improvement of policies and regulations, strengthen the institutional guarantee for the upgrading of agricultural mechanization; second, protect intellectual property rights, encourage enterprises to be brave in innovation, master core technologies, and enhance sustainable development capabilities; third, focus on the role of market players and industry associations. Strengthen resource integration and technology and talent support.