The analytical methods currently used in the heap leaching field generally meet the job requirements. As for the quality of the analysis, there are some problems. The main reason is the poor condition of the analysis equipment, the lack of professional training of the personnel, the technical incompetence, and the problem of the analytical method.
1. Analytical methods for uranium
The analysis of uranium ore currently uses physical analysis, such as gamma spectroscopy, in foreign countries. The chemical analysis (including electrochemical analysis) method is only used to check the physical analysis results, and to analyze and check the ore model, working standard source. Domestically, physical and chemical analysis coexists. Based on the method of radioactivity measurement, the industry standard “Rapid Analysis Standard for Uranium Ore Metering Station†(EJ 370-374-89) has been issued, which is suitable for ore sampling and analysis on trains, automobiles and belts. This standard requires periodic chemical analysis to correct and calculate the conversion factor for uranium. Physical analysis is characterized by fast, low cost, but less accurate.
There are many ways to chemically measure uranium. Early American volumetric analysis methods are in sulfuric acid medium, to a metal (e.g., zinc amalgam, lead reducer) reduction, cerium sulfate titration. Capacity based on analysis of the former Soviet Union in phosphoric acid medium to sodium dithionite, ferrous a reducing agent, urea destroy excess reducing agent with ammonium vanadate after titration. The national standard and the standard issued in the country "Determination of uranium in uranium ore" (GB∕T 13070-91 and EJ 167.1-267.5-84) are all in the phosphoric acid medium, which are reduced by ferrous, titan and stannous respectively . The agent, after destroying the excess reducing agent with urea, is titrated with ammonium vanadate. The national standard uses the potential to judge the end point, and the line is judged by the color change produced by the indicator and ammonium vanadate. The capacity analysis method is applicable to ore analysis with a uranium grade of 0.02% to 5%.
For ores with a uranium grade below 0.02%, spectrophotometry is used. It is based on the ability of uranium and certain organic compounds to produce stable colored complexes for photometric determination over a specific wavelength range. Thiocyanate compounds, arsenazo III, etc. have been used as color developers. At present, 2-(5-2-pyridin-5-diethylamino)phenol (Br-PADAP) is widely used as a color developer. EJ267.4-84 is a standard method for the determination of uranium in low-grade uranium ore, and its range is suitable for the determination of uranium ore from 0.002% to 0.2%.
Second, the analysis method of gold
The classical test method is still the standard method for the analysis of gold in gold ore and tailings at home and abroad. The principle of this method is the use of silver and gold can be generated at high temperatures and molten lead alloy, such as with lead trapping agent, to separate gold from ore and enrichment. The formed lead buckle is ash blown at a high temperature, and the lead is converted into lead oxide and infiltrated into the ash dish to obtain a gold-silver alloy and then a hot dilute acid fraction (dissolved silver), and finally the mass of the gold grain is accurately weighed.
The gold volumetric method is a very common method used in domestic heap leaching fields. It is often titrated with activated carbon adsorption-hydroquinone solution. There is also an activated carbon adsorption - Determination Method iodine. As separate gold before titration enrichment means, also without activated carbon adsorption, and ion exchange, adsorption or foam, and other measures tellurium coprecipitation.
The atomic absorption method is used to determine the increasing amount of gold. In particular, gold in the sample of trace gold and heap leaching process is gradually measured by atomic absorption method. It is not only fast, low cost, but also sensitive, and the precision can meet the requirements of the heap leaching process. The extraction chromatographic separation and enrichment proposed by the Sixth Research Institute of Nuclear Industry and the determination of trace gold by atomic absorption have been widely used.
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