Now it is the season of spring farming, but this year how many kinds of land make it difficult for many farmers because from the end of last year, the price of fertilizer on the domestic market has been rising all the way. The people who grow land have a saying: “Fertilizer is food. Food, in the cost of grain cultivation, the proportion of chemical fertilizers exceeds 50%, and now it is at the peak of fertilization. However, the prices of chemical fertilizers have risen, and farmers have been unable to afford it.
The reporter found in Jinshui Second Village, Jiangxia District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, that many villagers had begun to sow corn on the base fertilizer. The villagers told reporters that the most troublesome aspect of spring plowing this year is the price increase of chemical fertilizers.
The peasants calculated such an account for reporters. Last year, one mus of rice bought 91 yuan of fertilizer, but according to this year's price, it would cost 121 yuan. This year, the total direct subsidy for agricultural land per acre in the country has increased by 13 yuan over the previous year. However, the increase in the cost of seeds and pesticides has not been counted. For chemical fertilizer alone, 30 yuan more is needed for each mu of rice. In other words, all the additional subsidies will be eaten up by fertilizers, but you will not be able to do so without fertilizer crops. This makes the farmers very embarrassed, but the farmers are not in a hurry to buy chemical fertilizers. They think about it. The fertilizer can't drop a little, but the wait for fertilizer prices is higher day by day.
At the same time, the dealers did not make as much money as they did. They complained that they were busy working all year long and were working on the fertilizer plant. The price of chemical fertilizers went up all the way. Can the profits of fertilizer sales go up? What is the actual profit of fertilizer sales?
The reporter went to the Hubei Provincial Agricultural Materials Company and learned that, according to state regulations, the comprehensive operating rate of chemical fertilizers from the factory to the retailer does not exceed 7%, but it is far from being achieved.
The reporter went to the Hubei Yangfeng Group, which is one of the largest manufacturers of compound fertilizers in China. The compound fertilizer produced by Yangfeng was also one of the varieties with the largest increase in fertilizer prices. Although the product sales are very strong, the prices are also high. Gao, but deputy general manager of Xingfeng Li Xinglong told reporters that their days have not been better.
Li Xinglong calculated the accounts for the reporter. Originally, the prices of sulphuric acid and potash, which are the main raw materials for the production of compound fertilizers, have risen astonishingly since last year. The current price of sulphuric acid alone is more than six times that in January last year and the price increase is more than 4,000 yuan per ton. The price increase of raw materials is only one aspect of the problem, and even more serious is the shortage of raw materials. During an interview with the Yangfeng Group, the reporter saw that two production lines in the factory had been forced to stop production.
What part of the price increase was actually earned by anyone?
Reporters walked along the production and marketing chain of fertilizers and found that farmers from the use of chemical fertilizers, dealers selling chemical fertilizers, and companies that produce chemical fertilizers all suffered from the rise in chemical fertilizer prices. Is the market really a game full of losses? Behind this group of price increase puzzles, what invisible hand is the fertilizer price pushed to a historical high? The reporter found the answer from the expert.
Chen Li, manager of the Chemical Fertilizer Department of China National Chemical Information Center, said: “In the past, fertilizer prices were affected by seasonal fluctuations. However, from last year's point of view, the prices of most chemical fertilizer products rose continuously throughout the year.â€
China National Chemical Information Center is one of the most professional institutions for collecting and analyzing fertilizer information in China. Chen Li, Manager of Fertilizer Department, told reporters that since her employment for 20 years, the price of chemical fertilizers has been the largest one, but the reason for the price increase of various varieties not exactly.
Chen Li: "The main thing is the promotion of the cost. The promotion of raw materials, like coal, may be seven or eight hundred yuan at the beginning of last year, and the average one-ton price to the factory price has now reached 1,100."
Chen Li told reporters that chemical fertilizers mainly consist of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The price of chemical fertilizers has risen. People can see that the most intuitive reason is cost promotion, because the production of nitrogen fertilizers consumes a lot of coal. After the price of coal rises, nitrogen fertilizers are affected. The impact is greatest, but in fact, from the monitoring of chemical fertilizer price changes by the China National Chemical Information Center, nitrogen fertilizer is the smallest price increase in various fertilizers, because there are two more special factors affecting fertilizer prices, that is, export pull. And resource prices have risen.
Chen Li: "Monopoly, or more resource-intensive, depending on the international type, such a faster rise, potash, which is a monopoly in the inside.
According to statistical data reporters, the price of potash in January last year was 1,900 yuan per ton, but the latest quotation in April has reached nearly 4,000 yuan per ton. Is this normal increase?
Wu Sihai, Standing Committee Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC): "The trend of rising prices is normal, but the rate of price increase should not be so high. This is worth asking questions."
Wu Sihai, a member of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the former Chairman of the World Fertilizer Association. As a member of the CPPCC who has been engaged in the fertilizer industry for many years, at this year's two sessions, he spoke of "breaking down the monopoly of potassium resources and protecting the interests of farmers."
Wu Sihai: "One is a monopoly of foreign resources. At the same time, it monopolizes domestic sales as a whole, including price, and he has resources. He can control the price, resulting in huge monopoly profits for these interest groups."
The monopoly group referred to by Wu Sihai is the prestigious Sinochem Group and the China Agricultural Group. How do these two big companies in the country monopolize? Is it really related to fertilizer prices?
The reporter learned that nitrogen fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers are basically self-sufficient in China, but potassium minerals, potassium salt minerals, are distributed very little in China. Therefore, 70% of potassium fertilizers must be imported, and they must have imported potassium fertilizer permits. Before 1998, the company had only one company, Sinochem. After 98 years, it added another company, the China Agricultural Resources Group. Three years ago, the list of potash fertilizer import rights was finally increased to 10.
Reporter: “Now is it a monopoly? Because we have seen that apart from Sinochem and China Agriculture, there are eight companies that have such import rights?â€
Wu Sihai: "You can ask these eight companies. Did they get a ton in the joint negotiations?"
Wu Sihai said that the joint talks are aimed at coping with the international potash fertilizer manufacturers' price hikes. Ten domestic companies that have potash fertilizer import rights have unified negotiations with potash fertilizer producers from Canada and Russia, but the main players are Sinochem and China Agriculture. The final price of negotiations has always been a mystery, and as of today, imported potash is still all controlled by Sinochem and middle peasants, and the remaining 8 companies can only purchase them from Sinochem and middle peasants.
Wu Sihai: "All the joint negotiations, the contents of the negotiations are not announced, why the signed contracts are confidential? Right? Why must go through their channels to enter China, after entering, in order to sell these eight? Why?"
Although specific prices are unknown, according to data from foreign professional agencies, Wu Sihai has calculated a surprising amount of money for reporters:
Wu Sihai: "The low price has entered, and now all the way up, if it presses 4,000, it has now risen to 4000, and now the inventory is 5 million tons. If the country sells it, at this price point, it is almost not every day. The sky will rise, 10 billion, who will pay for it?"
According to the report of the UK's authoritative magazine “Fertilizer Weeklyâ€, the global CIF price for the export of potash to Chinese ports is 1,800 yuan to 1,900 yuan per ton. According to the relevant regulations, the cost of fertilizer imports is about 180 yuan per ton. The wholesale price of potash fertilizer importing companies to domestic fertilizer distributors is close to 4,000 yuan/ton, which means that the price difference per ton is close to 2,000 yuan, while the potash stock in stock is calculated at 5 million tons, and the profit will be nearly 10 billion yuan.
Wu Sihai: "Easyly put 10 billion, 8.9 billion, 10 billion, on the shoulders of the peasants."
What is the concept of 10 billion? The reporter saw that with the approval of the State Council, the central government will add 20.6 billion yuan in total direct subsidies for agricultural resources this year to ease the impact of changes in the price of agricultural resources on farmers' grain production.
Wu Sihai: "With potassium fertilizer alone, you eat 50 to 60 percent."
Wu Sihai told reporters that in fact, the 2007 foreign potash negotiations were very successful. The price of foreign companies was only 5 US dollars, but when they arrived at home, the price of potash rose steadily. This could not help but question whether it was clearly a joint negotiation. Why Sinochem Can the middle peasants not disclose the price of the contract to the partners of the joint negotiations? Is the behavior of Sinochem and Chinese peasants really representing the national interest?
Wu Sihai: "A Sinochem Group's following Sinofert, Sinofert has already been listed in Hong Kong, and there are shareholders of foreign companies."
The reporter learned that Sinofert, which has the right to import chemical fertilizers, has actually become a Hong Kong-listed company. In February 2006, the announcement showed that the leader of the International Potash Coalition Negotiation Union - Canada PCS Company holds 20% of the company's Shares, Senior Vice President of Chemical Fertilizer Sales of PCS is currently a non-executive director of Sinochem Fertilizer Holdings. In other words, the opponent who has been negotiating with China is actually one of the largest shareholder of China's largest potash fertilizer import company.
Wu Sihai: "The buyer, and at the same time I am a seller, and our buyers are directly linked to the interests of farmers in the country. Do you think this is reasonable? This is not smart, if it is now, It is very unwise to look at this matter at this time."
Reporter: "What's not smart?"
Wu Sihai: "That is the interests of the peasants. To foreigners, right?"
It is now the spring broadcast season, and Wu Sihai cannot conceal his fears.
Half-hour observation: I hope to attach importance to the implementation of the three rural peasants. For the peasant brothers who are engaged in spring sowing and spring planting, there is no more bad news than the price increase of chemical fertilizers. In the past, many experts believed that farmers and agriculture were the groups that benefited most from rising CIPs and inflation, but the substantial increase in fertilizer prices has actually killed this judgment. Under the pressure of full inflation, there is no group that can benefit from the so-called absence of nest eggs.
However, as revealed in the film, there are indeed some interest groups that control the price of fertilizers and draw huge profits from the rise in fertilizer prices in the name of the market. And each and every profit they earn means that the interests of the peasant brothers have suffered even greater losses.
The issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers is the most important task for the party and the government. Over the years, the party and the government have carried out many effective innovations and attempts to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, including the abolition of agricultural taxes and the increase of agricultural subsidies. These measures have not only protected the interests of the peasant brothers, but also increased their enthusiasm for joining the agricultural production and building a new countryside.
However, under the background of overall inflation, the peasants and brothers are facing a series of problems, including increasing prices of chemical fertilizers and increasing production and living costs. How to solve these problems? How to effectively and effectively protect the interests of peasant brothers? How to stabilize and develop agricultural production requires our relevant departments to be able to exert creative thinking and come up with effective programs.
Or that sentence: The issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers is a top priority. Our company cannot try its best to extract profits from the peasant brothers; our government departments must also strengthen the service to the three peasants and strengthen the supervision over relevant companies and industries on the principle of governing for the people. Allowing the peasants and brothers to truly enjoy the benefits of rapid economic development is more important to us than anything else.
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