Potted fruit trees are subject to container restrictions. The distribution of roots and the soil conditions in which they are located are very different from those of field plants. In most potted fruit trees, some plants can differentiate into flower buds in the same year, and flowering results can be obtained in the following year. Tianwen plants generally take 2-3 years to form flower buds, indicating that potted plants are more conducive to the transformation of plants to reproductive development. However, whether there are differences in photosynthetic metabolism under different planting methods and whether these differences are the same for the environment, there is still a lack of in-depth research. The authors compared the photosynthetic characteristics of Tianwen and potted cherry plants and their environmental responses to provide a scientific basis for their cultivation and management.
1 Materials and Methods
The test materials were CerasussachalinensasIran. and C.pseudocerasusG.Don-Daqingye'. The seedlings were planted at the fruit tree test site of Shenyang Agricultural University in early May 2004. (Wall height 20cm, pot mouth diameter 25cm, pot bottom diameter 20cm) winter protection winter.
At the end of August 2005, 3 strains of uniform test materials were selected for each growth, 5 well-lit top shoots were selected, and 1 central function leaf was selected for each new shoot to measure photosynthetic parameters. August 26, 2005 Diurnal variation of photosynthetic activity was measured. The potted cherry plants were crushed at 1 hour intervals from 6:30 to 17:30 using a plant crusher. The measurements were repeated 1 time and 5 replicates.
2 Results and Analysis
2.1 Differences in photosynthetic characteristics between field and pot cherry plants
As can be seen from Table 1, the Pn of the cultivars Benxishan Ying and Daqingye were significantly higher than those of the potted plants, which were potted plants, respectively (2 jumps of 2.40 and 1.45 times. The chlorophyll content also showed similarity with Pn. A similar pattern (the chlorophyll content of Benxishan cherry and Daqingye at the beginning of June 2005 was the same as that of the previous study of the author's previous study in 2006). The chlorophyll content did not change significantly in the field of this herb. However, the Datianye of Tianqin decreased by 249010.22)mg"g-, but the chlorophyll content of both pot plants decreased significantly, indicating that the chlorophyll degradation of potted cherry was earlier in the growth stage, which may be one of the reasons for the decline of photosynthetic ability of pot plants. From the perspective of stomatal limit (Ls), there was no significant difference between the two fields, but both were significantly larger than their corresponding potted plants. The chemical efficiency indicates that the decline of Pn in pot plants was not caused by stomatal limitation, but by the difference in photosynthetic capacity of the mesophyll. The shuttle replant (CE) of the cultivated plants in Tian asked, the maximum regeneration rate and the apparent efficiency (AQY) of RuBP were significantly higher than those of potted plants.
2.2 Photosynthesis responses to CO2 and light intensity in field and pot cherry plants
In the 3501amo1 "low moI-lower COZ concentration range, Pn in field plants increased significantly with the increase in COZ concentration (P <0.05). HiHi asked Benxishan cherry, potted Benxishan cherry, The COZ compensation points (CCP) of the Hi-Qin Daqingye and the potted Daqingye are (89±6), X116 ± 7), X72 ± 6), and (89±6) lamol"moI-, respectively, and the saturated COZ(SC) They are (2252±46), 2886±74), (2292笃9) and (2801 and 6) lamol"moI-.
It can be seen that the CCP of the field plants was lower than that of the pot plants, indicating that the use efficiency of the low-concentration COz in the field plants was higher than that of the pot plants; the SC of the pot plants compared with their corresponding field plants showed that the pot plants could use the higher concentration of COZ. In general, the response of Pn to COZ of Tianwen plants was significantly higher than that of potted plants when CO2 concentration was above 1200lamo1"moI-. The response of Pn to the COz concentration of potted Folium was gentle.
2.3 Daily changes of photosynthesis in fields and potted cherries
As can be seen from Figure ZA, the Pn of the field plants was significantly greater than that of the potted plants except for early and late days of the day. In the morning, with the gradual increase of light intensity and temperature, the Pn of Tianwen cherry rose significantly faster than that of potted cherry. The second peak of the Pn of the cherry cultivars was about 1-30 in the next field, but the Pn of the potted plant was higher than that of the last year. According to calculations, the cumulative photosynthetic product (the total amount of COD assimilation) of Tianwen Benxishan Ying, potted Benxishan Ying, Hi-Qin Daqingye and potted Daqingye were 459.2n263.-393.9 and 284.7 mmo1â€m, respectively. It can be seen that the photosynthetic capacity of Tianwen cherry is far higher than that of potted plants.
As can be seen from Figure ZB, the transpiration rate (Tr) of Tianwen cherries was basically the same as that of Gaoshushu during the day, while the potted plants had relatively small changes and were lower than those of the Tianwen plants. In the morning 830, the stomatal conductance (Gs) of Maeda chinensis and potted cherries both declined rapidly, and then remained at a certain level. Overall, Hi asked plants higher than potted plants (Figure Z). The concentration of COZ in the cherry of the potted cherries (Ci-) was lower than that of the Hi cultivar except at 1230 at noon, and the rest of the time was higher than the Hi-questionnaire (Figure Z). The Gs of the potted cherry was lower than the Hi but not This caused a drop in Ci. Farquhar and Sharkey (1982) believed that it was only when Gs and Ci decreased simultaneously that the decrease in Pn was caused by stomatal limitation. According to this criterion of photosynthesis limitation, it can be concluded that except for 1230 in a day. The reason why the potted cherry Pn was lower than that of the field plant was mainly caused by the difference in photosynthetic ability of the mesophyll, not by the low GS.
3 Discussion
The photosynthetic capacity of the leaves of Tianwen plant was significantly higher than that of the potted plant. This can be seen from the Pn-Ci response curve. Under the same Ci conditions, the Pn of the Hi-questionnant plant was significantly higher than that of the pot plant, so Hi asked the plant to the COZ. Demand is significantly higher than that of potted plants. Even when Gs is higher than that of potted plants, the rate at which field plants supply COZ through the stomata to the cell gap is still insufficient to meet the COZ demand of the mesophyll photosynthetic apparatus. Potted plants.
Many studies have shown that water stress can cause a decrease in leaf Gs and Pn. Although pot plants provide limited soil water supply (the test materials are used to irrigate water every day and the hot and dry weather is under short-term water stress), we The reason for the decrease in photosynthetic rate was not only due to insufficient supply of soil moisture, because pot plants were not deficient in water at around -30 am, but their Pn was significantly lower than that of Hi asked plants. In addition, changes in Ci also indicate that the decrease in Pn in potted plants is not due to a decrease in Gs. Therefore, we believe that potted plants are limited by root growth and may affect the photosynthetic ability of the above-ground leaves through a signal transduction mechanism. In addition, because potted cherry is limited by the container, the buffer capacity of fertilizer and water is weak, and long-term water stress and soil nutrient stress alternate between dry and wet, leading to premature plant senescence, reduced leaf function, and reduced chlorophyll content, which may also be caused by One of the reasons why Pn is lower than Tianqian plants.
Potted cherry plants were affected by water and soil nutrient stress, resulting in weak vegetative growth, low photosynthetic capacity, easy to advance into the aging stage, so that nutrients are conducive to the direction of reproductive development, which may be one of the important factors causing early planting results. However, further research is needed for the intrinsic link between the lower photosynthetic capacity of potted plants and their earlier reproductive development.
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