The annual two sessions were on schedule, with 2,214 CPPCC members and 2,943 NPC deputies gathering in Beijing to discuss the development of the country and discuss national events. At the scene of the two sessions, reporters frequently questioned the supply side reforms. This is the key discussion topic for the delegates this year. On March 5, Premier Li Keqiang pointed out in the government work report that efforts should be made to strengthen supply-side structural reforms, focus on capacity, inventory, leverage, reduce costs, supplement short-term boards, strengthen people's livelihood security, and effectively prevent and control risks. Efforts to achieve a good start for economic and social development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Under the new economic normal, the supply-side reform is changing from high-frequency words to the government and enterprises to clarify the specific reform roadmap. In 2015, the overall scale of China's semiconductor lighting industry reached 424.5 billion yuan, an increase of 21% compared with 2014. Compared with the annual growth rate of more than 30% in the past 10 years, the growth rate has dropped significantly. The entire industry has experienced a series of problems such as overcapacity, fierce price competition, low profits, homogenization of products, and lack of order in the market. The LED industry still faces enormous difficulties and challenges such as weak industrial innovation capability, structural overcapacity, and the need to improve the industrial development environment. The central government has taken the supply-side structural reform as the focus of economic work this year. In the five major reform tasks, the production capacity will be put in the first place, and local governments have also made capacity to work as the focus of 2016 work. In the background of the fiercely competitive LED lighting industry, the price war caused by overcapacity is intensifying. Only by adjusting its own development direction, facing the new normal of the economy and improving the efficiency and ability of the company to operate, can the industry develop positively. This time, the reporter will provide new opportunities and directions for the development of the LED lighting industry from the new normal, new methods, new dynamics, new vitality, and new directions under the new situation and new policies. The new normal: promote mergers and acquisitions, accelerate the elimination of zombie enterprises In 2015, while responding to the global energy crisis and environmental degradation challenges, China has entered a new normal of economic growth, shifting, industrial restructuring, and development mode. The semiconductor lighting industry has established a dominant position in the lighting industry after several years of rapid growth. With the vigorous promotion of the global ban, the overall semiconductor lighting industry in China has continued to rise in 2015, but it has been affected by the economic environment. The speed has slowed down and it has begun to shift from high-speed growth to medium-to-high-speed growth. According to the data, in 2015, the overall scale of China's semiconductor lighting industry reached 424.5 billion yuan, an increase of 21% compared with 2014. Compared with the annual growth rate of more than 30% in the past 10 years, the growth rate has dropped significantly. Demand growth slowed down, supply capacity was high, and accumulation and release were quick, and all industry chain products were caught in price competition. The stronger the enterprise development, the more resources continue to concentrate on large and medium-sized enterprises, and the small enterprises engaged in the manufacture of low-end products are difficult to survive, showing a relatively obvious polarization. In particular, the competition of downstream application enterprises is extremely fierce, and bankruptcy is frequent. At the same time, due to the squeeze of upstream and downstream links, the business and profit margins of the company continue to shrink. Although the output value of the three major LED industry sectors has increased, the growth rate of each link has dropped significantly, indicating that China's semiconductor lighting industry has begun to shift into a new normal of medium and high-speed growth. Due to the low barriers to entry in the LED industry, in the past few years, a large influx of capital has occurred, and oversupply, gross margins have fallen sharply at all ends of the industry chain, and many manufacturers are facing losses or even elimination. The LED industry still faces three major challenges: First, the industrial innovation capability is not strong, second, structural overcapacity, and third, the industrial development environment needs to be improved. The entire industry has shown problems such as low profits, homogenization of products, and lack of order in the market. According to incomplete statistics, there were 4,000 LED companies disappearing in the market in 2015. In 2016, the supply and demand relationship of the LED industry will be eased, and overcapacity will become more apparent. We should give full play to the guiding and restricting functions of planning, policies and standards, strictly enforce access conditions, strengthen industry access management, improve the industry monitoring system and over-capacity warning system, and strengthen and improve industry management. This year's government work report puts forward specific requirements for industrial development, and strives to resolve excess capacity and reduce costs and increase efficiency. Strictly control new capacity, resolutely eliminate backward production capacity, and orderly withdraw excess capacity. Take measures such as mergers and acquisitions, debt restructuring or bankruptcy liquidation to actively and steadily handle zombie enterprises. Miao Wei, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, said that it will promote the orderly exit of inefficient production capacity, actively and steadily handle zombie enterprises, encourage conditional enterprises to cross-industry and cross-regional mergers, and vigorously support the development of small and micro enterprises, and continue to promote the decentralization of power. Reform measures combined with management. Zombie enterprises occupy a large amount of social resources, but they cannot create corresponding social values. Accelerating the merger and reorganization of such enterprises can effectively release the social resources they occupy, and at the same time maximize the social value of the dominant enterprises: let the superior enterprises The advanced technology, productivity and management level promote the orderly development of the entire LED lighting industry. At the same time, effective mergers and acquisitions can also balance the supply-demand relationship of the market from the source, so that the market can be truly guided to guide the direction of industrial development. According to the data, in 2015, the number of MOCVD equipment in the upstream epitaxial chip of China's semiconductor lighting was nearly 1,400. In the case of the new machine, the elimination of backwardness, compared with the 1,290 units in 2014, the number of new machines increased by 110 units. The equipment is basically owned by leading enterprises with relatively strong financial strength. In terms of the number of devices, the number of MOCVDs in China has accounted for 70% of the global total, and the equipment is further concentrated in large enterprises. About 5% of the enterprises have more than 100 devices, and their capacity scale has stood. At the top of the pyramid, and the scale will continue to expand, about 6% of the companies have between 50-100 units. At the same time, 44% of the companies have less than 10 sets of equipment, some of which have become lazy enterprises because of the backwardness of the machines and poor management, and a few companies with better technology precipitation have become the targets of mergers and acquisitions by large enterprises. . Earlier, Wang Donglei, chairman of NVC, China's largest lighting supplier, said in an interview with the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) that due to the economic slowdown, Chinese companies' overseas operations will gradually increase during the long learning process. After that, it will have a more pronounced impact on the international market in about five years. China's economic slowdown has a greater impact on major companies, especially manufacturing companies. Small and medium-sized enterprises are experiencing a very difficult period. It is conservatively estimated that one-third to one-half of SMEs in the LED industry will be in the winter. drop out. Nvc, as the leading brand of China's lighting, also felt the huge impact of China's economic slowdown. In 2015, the company's home lighting business has grown, and commercial lighting has felt cold. Therefore, in the face of the reality of overcapacity, the development of LED lighting companies must be adjusted according to the actual situation. Market competition is cruel. LED lighting enterprises need to be fully prepared to resolve overcapacity. While constantly improving themselves, they can finally get rid of the overcapacity by relying on favorable external conditions.
"Gravity Die Casting. A permanent mould casting process, where the molten metal is poured from a vessle of ladle into the mould, and cavity fills with no force other than gravity, in a similar manner to the production of sand castings, although filling cn be controlled by tilting the die."
Gravity Die Casting
Sometimes referred to as Permanent Mould, GDC is a repeatable casting process used for non-ferrous alloy parts, typically aluminium, Zinc and Copper Base alloys.
The process differs from HPDC in that Gravity- rather than high pressure- is used to fill the mould with the liquid alloy.
GDC is suited to medium to high volumes products and typically parts are of a heavier sections than HPDC, but thinner sections than sand casting.
There are three key stages in the process.
- The heated mould [Die or Tool] is coated with a die release agent. The release agent spray also has a secondary function in that it aids cooling of the mould face after the previous part has been removed from the die.
- Molten metal is poured into channels in the tool to allow the material to fill all the extremities of the mould cavity. The metal is either hand poured using steel ladles or dosed using mechanical methods. Typically, there is a mould [down sprue" that allows the alloy to enter the mould cavity from the lower part of the die, reducing the formation of turbulence and subsequent porosity and inclusions in the finished part.
- Once the part has cooled sufficiently, the die is opened, either manually or utilising mechanical methods.
Advantages
- Good dimensional accuracy
- Smoother cast surface finish than sand casting
- Improved mechanical properties compared to sand casting
- Thinner walls can be cast compared to sand casting
- Reverse draft internal pockets and forms can be cast in using preformed sand core inserts
- Steel pins and inserts can be cast in to the part
- Faster production times compared to other processes.
- Once the tolling is proven, the product quality is very repeatable.
- Outsourced Tooling setup costs can be lower than sand casting.
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